Impact of Phubbing Behavior on Loneliness Among Young Adults: Moderating Role of Self-Esteem

Abstract

This study explored the relationship between phubbing, self-esteem, and loneliness in young adults. Phubbing, the act of ignoring someone to focus on a smartphone, is a behavior frequently reported by young adults in modern life that can disrupt social interaction. Self-reported phubbing behavior was measured using a standard scale, along with reported self-esteem and loneliness, with a sample of 350 undergraduate university students. A statistically significant negative correlation was found between phubbing and self-esteem and a positive relationship was found between phubbing and loneliness. Moderation analysis also indicated that loneliness moderated the relationship between phubbing and self-esteem; therefore, young adults reporting higher loneliness reported a greater loss of self-esteem when reporting more phubbing behavior. The results of the study reinforce the negative effect of too much time spent using a smartphone in terms of psychological impact on young adults and potential recommendations for healthier digital behavior. The study extends the awareness of recent literature on digital behavior and mental health and has behavioral relevance for educators, psychologists, and policymakers in fostering healthier relationships.