DIGITAL DYNAMICS: HOW INDIA AND CHINA'S TECH RIVALRY IS SHAPING BANGLADESH'S EMERGING ECONOMY

Abstract

This study explores how the technological rivalry between India and China is influencing the development of Bangladesh’s digital economy. As both regional powers expand their digital influence across South Asia through infrastructure investment, innovation, and strategic partnerships, Bangladesh finds itself navigating a complex geopolitical and economic landscape. The research investigates two primary questions: how access to digital infrastructure and innovation in Bangladesh is shaped by the India-China tech competition, and how this rivalry influences Bangladesh’s policy decisions on technology adoption, trade, and investment. Employing a conceptual framework grounded in International Political Economy, geoeconomics, and technological determinism, the study analyses the contributions and strategic intentions of India and China in Bangladesh’s digital sector. Findings reveal that while Indian involvement is rooted in service-based digital growth and regional cooperation, China’s engagement emphasizes hardware infrastructure and state-led innovation. The paper concludes that Bangladesh must strategically balance these influences to ensure technological sovereignty, enhance innovation, and build a resilient, inclusive digital economy amid growing regional tensions.