The Impact of Childhood Traumas on the Mental Health of Adults: A Qualitative Exploration in Dera Ismail Khan

Abstract

Childhood trauma is a critical determinant of adult psychological health, influencing emotional regulation, interpersonal relationships, and overall wellbeing. This qualitative study explores the long-term psychological impact of childhood traumatic experiences among adults residing in Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten participants aged 25–40 years who reported experiences of neglect, emotional abuse, or family dysfunction during childhood. Data were analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s (2006) thematic analysis framework. Three major themes emerged: (1) enduring emotional scars, (2) trust and relationship difficulties, and (3) resilience and growth. Findings revealed that participants continued to experience anxiety, low self-worth, and difficulties in forming secure attachments. However, many also demonstrated emotional growth and coping strategies shaped by cultural and familial support. The study highlights the need for trauma-informed psychological interventions and increased awareness about the enduring effects of early adverse experiences in Pakistani communities.