Urdu Translation and Validation of Safety Compliance Scale Among Local Bus Drivers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63468/Keywords:
Safety Compliance Scale, Urdu translation, bus drivers, confirmatory factor analysis, occupational safety, cross-cultural validationAbstract
Safety compliance among public transport drivers is critical for preventing road traffic accidents, yet no validated Urdu-language tool exists for Pakistan’s transport sector. This study translated the Safety Compliance Scale (SCS) into Urdu and validated its psychometric properties among local bus drivers in Punjab, Pakistan. Following a five-step guideline-based translation procedure (forward translation, reconciliation, back-translation, expert review, and pilot testing), data were collected from 350 local bus drivers (Mean age = 41.2 years, SD = 8.7) in Faisalabad. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) using AMOS version 24 revealed a unidimensional factor structure with acceptable model fit indices: χ²/df = 2.84, CFI = 0.94, GFI = 0.91, RMSEA = .05 The Urdu SCS demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.88), and inter-item correlations ranged from r = .88 to .89 (p < .01). The Urdu version of the Safety Compliance Scale is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing safety compliance behaviors among Urdu-speaking transport workers, enabling culturally appropriate research and interventions in Pakistan’s occupational safety domain.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Anum Javed, Dr. Arooj Zahra Rizvi, Um-e-Eman Farooq
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